MATERI BAHASA INGGRIS KELAS 11 SEMESTER 2

IN THE OF LOVE

Expressing love adalah ekspresi yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan perasaan cinta atau sayang terhadap seseorang.Kita bisa mengungkapkan perasaan sayang kita terhadap orang tua, saudara, teman-teman atau siapapun juga. Dan kita juga bisa mengungkapkanya dimana saja.

Berikut ini adalah contoh-contoh ekspresinya:

• I love you
• I really love you
• I love you so much
• I think I love you
• I love you for a long time
• I like you
• I feel I love you

Di bawah ini adalah contoh dialog :

Dave : I want to say something to you dear...

May : What is that?
Dave : I feel I love you since I meet you for the first time.
May : Really? I love you too
Dave : Do you want to be my girlfriend?
May : Of course, dear...

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Conditional Sentence (=Kalimat pengandaian) adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang mungkin terjadi atau mungkin tidak terjadi seperti yang diharapkan.
Conditional sentence terdiri dari dua klausa, yaitu:
Main Clause (Induk Kalimat) dan IF Clause.

Ada beberapa tipe Conditional Sentence, yaitu:

§  Type I: Future Conditional

§  Type II: Present Conditional

§  Type III: Past Conditional

1

Type I: Future Conditional

Kalimat ini mengungkapkan kejadian yang diharapkan akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang dan memiliki kemungkinan untuk terjadi.

Pola kalimat:

If + S + Verb (present), S + will + Verb1 Kalimat 1 Kalimat 2

Contoh:

1.      If I have enough time, I will visit him.

(mean: I may have enough time, I may visit him)

2.      I will go to the beach if my father gives me permission.

( mean: Perhaps, I go to the beach, my father permit me)

3.      We will wait if you want to join us.

(mean: Perhaps, we wait, you probably want to join us)

2

Type II: Present Conditional

Kalimat ini menyatakan peristiwa yang diharapkan terjadi sekarang tetapi tidak terjadi.

Pola kalimat:

If + S + Verb 2 / were, S + would + Verb1 Kalimat 1 Kalimat 2

Contoh:

1.      If she visited me, I would give him money.

(mean: She doesn’t visit me, so I don’t give her money.)

2.      If I had enough time, I would go swimming.

(mean: I don’t have enough time, so I don’t go swimming.)

3.      If you were a flower, I would be a bee.

(mean: You are not a flower, I am not a bee.)

Catatan:                                         

Pada tipe ini, to be untuk semua subyek pada IF clause adalah WERE.

3

Type III: Past Conditional

Kalimat ini menyatakan peristiwa yang diharapkan terjadi di waktu lampau, tetapi tidak terjadi.

Pola kalimat:

If + S + had + Verb 3, S + would have + Verb 3 Kalimat 1 Kalimat 2

Contoh:

1.      If she had studied hard, she would have passed the final exam.

(mean: She didn’t study hard, so she didn’t pass the final exam.)

2.      If the team had played well, it would have won the competition.

(mean: The didn’t play well, so the team didn’t win the competition)

3.      If Britney Spears had been here, I would have been very happy.

(mean: Britney was not here, so I was not very happy.)

SAD EXPRESSION

Contoh Kalimat untuk Mengungkapkan Kesedihan dan Kapan Kita Menggunakannya :

1. Down in the dumps (Implies someone is depressed or feeling gloomy)

2. To get the blues / to have the blues (Implies sadness, a mood of depression)

3. Down in the mouth (When someone is down in the mouth, they look unhappy, discouraged or depressed)

Ekspresi Kesedihan :

1. I just don't know what to do

2. Please leave me alone

3. Come on! It can't be as bad as all that

4. I can see why you're so sad . . but . .

5. I am so sorry to hear about your loss

6. I’m sorry to hear that

7. I’m so gloomy

8. I’m so sad

Ekspresi Saat Sedang Berduka (Condolences) :

1. I am so sorry to hear about your loss.

2. I was heartbroken by this sad news.

3. I will never forget when he/she…

4. You were such a dedicated I’m sorry, but I am at a loss for words. (If you can’t think of anything else to say or write.)

5. If you need anything, please ask

EXPRRESSION OF EMBARRASSMENT

Embarrassment adalah bentuk noun (kata benda) dari kata kerja embarrass yang artinya memalukan atau kata sifat yang artinya malu. Their action were very embarrassing (Tindakan-tindakan mereka sangat memalukan).

Untuk mengekspresikannya, kita bisa menggunakan ungkapan-ungkapan seperti:

·         I was so embarrassed.

·         I am embarrassed

·         I feel ashamed

·         Oh, My God

·         Shame on me

·         I don’t feel comfortable

·         I feel awkward

·         It’s my embarrassment to …

·         That’s a real embarrassment

·         How embarrassing!

·         It really makes me ashamed.

B. Contoh

A : Hi, Sonia. I watched your concert last night. That was awesome. You can be a great pianist.
B: Actually I wasn’t that great.
A: What are you talking about? You played it very well.
B: Actually, I can’t play piano.
A : Why? I think your playing was great.
B : It wasn’t me. It’s my twin sister, Sania.
A : Really? I thought it was you. I’m sorry. That’s fine.
B: No. It really makes me ashamed.
A : That’s all right. At least you can feel proud having such great sister.

NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative Text adalah teks yang isinya merupakan cerita atau kisah tentang sesuatu. Contoh narrative text: cerita rakyat (folktale), cerita binatang (fable), Legenda (legend), cerita pendek (short story), dan sejenisnya. Di dalamnya terdapat konflik/puncak masalah yang diikuti dengan penyelesaian. Fungsi utama teks ini adalah untuk berkisah atau menghibur pembaca.

Ciri-ciri narrative text:

1. Generic Structure:

• Orientation: berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan dan dimana)
• Complication: Berisi puncak konflik/masalah dalam cerita. Sebuah cerita boleh memiliki complication lebih dari satu.
• Resolution: Pemecahan masalah. Bisa berakhir dengan kegembiraan (happy ending) bisa pula berakhir dengan kesedihan (sad ending).

Catatan:

Terkadang juga susunannya (generic structure): Orientation, Complication, Evaluation, Resolution dan Reorientation. Untuk “Evaluation” dan “Reorientation” merupakan optional; bisa ada bisa tidak. Evaluation berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap jalannya cerita atau konflik. Sedangkan Reorientation berisi penyimpulan isi akhir cerita.

2. Grammatical features menggunakan tenses “past”
3. Sering menggunakan kata penghubung waktu (temporal conjunction), misalnya: once upon a time, one day, long time ago.

Contoh Narrative Text:

Ali Baba

Once upon a time there were 40 cruel thieves who put their stolen money and treasures in a cave. They went in the cave by saying ”Open Sesame” to the cave entrance. A poor person, named Ali Baba saw them while they were doing that, so he heard the opening word. After they left, he went toward the cave and opened it. Suddenly he found a very large quantity of money and golden treasures. He took some of it and went back home. After that he became a rich man and his brother wanted to know how he became rich.

Ali Baba turned into the richest man in his village. His evil brother was really jealous of him, and wanted to know how he could get such a lot of money. Therefore, when Ali Baba went to the cave again to take some more money, his brother followed him. He saw everything, and decided to go back the next day to take some money for himself. The next morning he found a lot of money in the cave, and he wanted to take all of them. Unfortunately, when he was busy carrying

the money to his house, the thieves came. The boss of the thieves asked him how he knew about the cave. He told everything, but unluckily they killed him and went to Ali Baba’s house.After finding Ali Baba’s house, they made a plan to kill him the following night. Some of the thieves hid in big jars, and the boss pretended that he was a merchant who wanted to sell the jars to Ali Baba. Ali Baba who was a kind man invited the boss of the thief to have lunch together.After lunch they took a rest. Luckily, the house maid went out of the house, and found that there were thieves inside the jars. She finally boiled hot oil and poured it into the jars to kill all of them. The boss of the thieves was caught, and put into prison.Ali Baba was saved from the danger, and he finally lived happily ever after with his maid who became his wife shortly after.

GRAM MAR

Belajar grammar atau tata bahasa Inggris merupakan sebuah bagian yang takterpisahkan dalam belajar bahasa. meskipun ada orang yang mengatakan yang penting bisa omong dalam bahasa asing dengan penekanan pada yang penting sama2 paham meski grammar kacau tetap saja GRAMMAR adalah persoalan yang tidak bisa dihindari. terutama dalam konteks tradisi ilmiah baik diungkapkan secara lesan maupun tertulis. untuk itulah dibuatnya blog ini sebagai media untuk sama2 belajar bahasa inggris secara online.
berikut ini adalah contoh sebagian dari persolan grammar yang penting untuk diketahui. misalnya tentang PARTS OF SPEECH atau jenis2 kata dalam bahasa Inggris.
PARTS OF SPEECH

A. DEFINISI PARTS OF SPEECH
Parts of Speech dalam bahasa Inggris berarti jenis-jenis kata atau kelas-kelas kata.
Disebut parts of speech – bagian-bagian dari ucapan atau bagian-bagian kalimat (ingat, pada dasarnya kalimat dalam bahasa adalah kalimat yang diucapkan, bukan dituliskan) – karena kata-kata ini merupakan suatu sistem yang diperlukan untuk membentuk sebuah kalimat, tanpa melihat apa tugas atau fungsinya masing-masing. Jadi, kata-kata itu merupakan “bahan dasar” di dalam sebuah “bangunan” kalimat, bukan “fungsi” kata di dalam kalimat. Mengapa demikian? Karena sebuah kata bisa mempunyai beberapa (lebih dari satu) fungsi dalam kalimat.
Secara lengkap, ada 9 jenis kata atau kelas kata dalam bahasa Inggris, yaitu:

NO JENIS KATA KETERANGAN
1 Verb Verba atau kata kerja (misalnya: be, have, do, like, work, sing, can, must)
2 Noun Nomina atau kata benda (misalnya: pen, dog, work, music, town, London, teacher, John)
3 Adjective Adjectiva atau kata sifat (misalnya: good, big, red, well, interesting)
4 Adverb Adverbia atau kata keterangan (misalnya: quickly, silently, well, badly, very, really)
5 Pronoun Pronomina atau kata ganti (misalnya: I, you, he, she, someone)
6 Preposition Preposisi atau kata depan (misalnya: to, at, after, on, but)
7 Conjunction Konjungsi kata hubung atau kata sambung (misalnya: and, but, when)
8 Interjection Interjeksi atau kata seru (misalnya: oh!, , hi!, ,ouch! well! )
9 Determiner Determiner atau kata pembatas atau kata sandang (misalnya: a, an, the, this, that, these, those, 78, some, any)

A SPOOF

Selain Narrative Text, Recaunt Text, dan Anecdote Text, Spoof Text juga termasuk ke dalam golongan Narration, yang tentunya menceritakan kejadian di masa lampau dengan akhir yang lucu dan tidak disangka-sangka.
Disebutkan dalam Cambridge Advance Learner’s Dictionary Online, ada dua makna spoof. Pertama, sebagai kata benda, spoof bermakna, “a funny and silly piece of writing, music, theatre, etc. that copies the style of an original work”. Sedang kedua, spoof sebagai kata kerja, bermakna, “to try to make someone believe in something that is not true, as a joke.” Dari kedua arti spoof di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengertian spoof text adalah sebuah teks yang berisi tentang humor meski sebagian teksnya sudah dimodifikasi dari aslinya.

B. Tujuan Komunikatif Spoof Text
Tentunya semua jenis teks yang tergolong Narration memiliki tujuan komunikatif yang sama, begitu juga pada Spoof Text, yaitu untuk menghibur pembaca atau pendengar. Teks ini memiliki ciri khas yaitu terdapat bagian lucu yang menghibur di bagian akhir daripada cerita tersebut.

C. Generic Structure of Spoof Text
Terdapat tiga jenis struktur kebahasaan yang dimiliki oleh Spoof Text, yaitu:
1. Orientation
Seperti halnya jenis teks Narration yang lain, selalu diawali dengan orientation. Orientation adalah bagian di mana penulis memulai memperkenalkan tokoh, latar, dll dalam cerita.
2. Events
Bagian Events yaitu bagian di mana penulis menceritakan kejadian-kejadian dalam cerita tersebut tetapi kejadian yang diceritakan masih kejadian yang wajar.
3. Twist
Dan bagian dari Spoof Text yang terakhir adalah Twist. Twist merupakan bagian teks yang mana menceritakan kebalikan dari kejadian-kejadian wajar di bagian Events. Twist merupakan bagian akhir dari Spoof Text yang menceritakan kejadian akhir lucu dan tidak disangka-sangka sebelumnya.

D. Ciri Kebahasaan Spoof Text
Terdapat beberapa ciri kebahasaan Spoof Text yang bisa membedakan dengan Jenis Teks Bahasa Inggris (Types of Text) yang lainnya, yaitu:
1. Menggunakan Past Tense; was, were, did, etc.
2. Menggunakan kata kerja aksi (action verb); did, went, walked, etc.
3. Menggunakan kata keterangan waktu dan kata keterangan tempat.
4. Diceritakan secara kronologis.

contoh Spoof Text

LOVING MONEY TOO MUCH

There was a man who liked money very much. He worked all of his life and wanted to save all of his money for his own future. He was a real miser when it came to his money. He loved money more than just about anything.

Even, just before he died, he said to his wife; “Now listen, when I die, I want you to take all my money and place it in the casket with me. I wanna take my money to the afterlife.” So he asked his wife to promise him with all her heart that when he died, she would put all the money in the casket with him.
Well, one day, he really died. Then he was stretched out in the casket. The wife was sitting there in black clothes next to her closest friend. When they finished the ceremony, just before the undertakers got ready to close the casket, the wife said “Wait just a minute!”

She had a box in her hands. She came over with the box and placed it in the casket. After that the undertakers locked the casket down and rolled it away. Not long after that, her friend said, “I hope you were not crazy enough to put all that money in the casket.”
The wife turned to her friend and replied; “Yes, because I have promised.” Then she continued; “I can’t lie. I promised him that I was going to put that money in that casket with him.” Feeling shocked, her friend said; “You mean that you have put every cent of his money in the casket with him?” Then the wife answered; “Surely I did. I got it all together, put all the money into my account and I just wrote him a check.”

Orientation: The above story talks about a wife and his husband who loves money too much even up to his death.Events: Several events are explored in chronological way which able to arrange the story read nicely. Promising with her money miser husband, Putting the box inside casket, locking and rolling the casket are the events which build the complete story.Twist: When reading the above story, for the first, readers likely think that the wife would put all the money instead of just a check

Semoga artikel ini dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semuanya

EXPRRESSING ANGER

·         What’s wrong with you ?

·         What are you talking about?

·         You’re deadly wrong..

·         Mind your own business !

·         You’re nuts !

·         You’re mad !

·         You’re crazy!

·         Are you angry with me ?

·         I’m angry with you.

·         Shut up !

·         Close your mousetrap! (harsh)

·         Will you shut your trap up ? (harsh)

EXPRRESSING ANNOYANCE

·         It annoys me very much

·         I’m very annoyed

·         That’s making me crazy

·         That’s really a bother

·         Could you please stop doing that ?

·         Would you stop that ?

Note :

Annoyance with people can emerge in a variety of wild sugesstions as to what should be done with them :

·         They should be deported !

·         Put them on a desert island and let them fight out!

·         You can push them over a cliff for all i care!

·         Can’t he be dropped from a great height ?

HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Seperti halnya Analytical Exposition, Hortatory Exposition adalah jenis teks bahasa Inggris yang tergolong ke dalam kelas Argumentation. Hortatory Exposition adalah sebuah jenis teks bahasa Inggris yang mana menghadirkan usaha penulis memengaruhi pembaca untuk melakukan sesuatu atau bertindak dalam hal tertentu. Dalam Hortatory Exposition, penulis mencantumkan beberapa pendapat mengenai hal tertentu untuk memperkuat ide pokok dari teks tersebut.

Berbeda dengan Analytical Exposition, Hortatory Exposition menghadirkan Recommendation sebagai paragraf penutup dari sebuah Hortatory Exposition Text. Dalam Recommendation ini, penulis berusaha mengajak dan membujuk pembaca untuk melakukan sesuatu. Hal ini jauh berbeda dengan Analytical Exposition yang mana menempatkan Reiteration atau penulisan kembali ide pokok sebuah teks sebagai penutup tanpa adanya ajakan atau bujuakan kepada pembaca.

B. Tujuan Hortatory Exposition Text

Berbeda dengan Analytical Exposition Text yang tujuannya memaparkan dan memengaruhi pembaca bahwa kejadian yang di ceritakan itu penting, pada Hortatory Expostion Text tujuan umumnya adalah memaparkan dan memengaruhi pembaca bahwa seharusnya demikian dan seharusnya tidak demikian.

C. Struktur Kebahasaan Hortatory Exposition Text

Ada tiga bagian dari struktur atau pola kalimat dalam Hortatory Exposition Text, yaitu:

1. Thesis

Thesis berisi tentang pengenalan ide pokok penulis tentang suatu gejala atau kejadian yang akan diangkat atau dibahas.

2. Arguments

Arguments berisi tentang pendapat-pendapat yang mendukung ide pokok penulis. Semakin banyak pendapat yang penulis tuliskan, semakin menarik sebuah Hortatory Exposition Text itu, karena pembaca cenderung percaya terhadap suatu peristiwa jika terdapat banyak pendapat yang mendukung di dalamnya.

3. Recommendation

Recommendation berisi tentang rekomendasi atau ajakan penulis terhadap pembaca.

D. Ciri Kebahasaan Hortatory Exposition Text

Di bawah ini adalah ciri kebahasaan yang terdapat pada Hortatory Exposition Text, yaitu:

·         Menggunakan simple present tense

·         Menggunakan temporal conectives; firstly, secondly, thirdly, etc.

·         Menggunakan evaluative words; importanly, valuablly, trustworthly, etc.

E. Contoh Hortatory Exposition Text

Di bawah ini, saya sertakan contoh HortatoryEexposition Text sebagai berikut:::

Corruption

Thesis
Do you know what the meaning of corruption is? What is the relation between money and corruption? Well, corruption is common everywhere in the world, even in the United States. It’s just a matter of intensity. However, it is quite shocking when one reliable survey claims Jakarta as the most corrupt place in Indonesia.

Argument 1

The survey has made me sad, actually, because I stay and earn a living here in the capital. As most people know, Tanjung Priok port smuggling is not a new thing at all. Entrepreneurs who want to minimize their tax payments tend to do such a thing more often. They even bribe the officials.

Argument 2

Well, I think the measures taken so far to overcome the problem by punishing the corruptors is still not far enough. We have to prevent the younger generations from getting a bad mentality caused by corruption.

Recommendation

I believe we should start at the earliest stages in school and I think everyone should be involved in the effort to eradicate corruption. We must not make any distinction.